Taming the electron-electron interaction: Towards designer correlated quantum materials

With the growing success of AI in modern society, exponential energy consumption and the limitations of classical computing are becoming serious challenges. To keep up with this growing global demand requires revolutionary new approaches beyond conventional Silicon-based technologies.
One of the most promising routes here is to utilise correlated quantum materials. These materials exhibit strong electron-electron interactions that give rise to remarkable low-energy phenomena, such as high-temperature superconductivity and unconventional magnetism, which offer immense potential not only for energy-efficient technology, but also for advancements in frictionless transportation, industrial magnets, spintronic devices, and next-generation quantum computers. However, as it stands, most correlated quantum materials only exhibit these technologically relevant properties at extremely low temperatures, or in equally impractical conditions, and we usually lack insight into how to optimize these properties for specific applications.
While dramatically improving the practical application of correlated quantum materials is in principle possible, our lack of theoretical understanding of the complex interactions has held back progress in real-life material development. Theoretical methods to describe the fundamental interactions and predict the properties of correlated materials have been developed, using a technique known as functional renormalisation group theory (FRG), yet for decades they have been so computationally demanding that they have only been applicable to the simplest of toy systems, limiting their utility for understanding real materials.
A recent breakthrough in FRG theory in 2022 however has broken through this computational complexity barrier, unlocking the modelling of systems with realistic and complex electronic structures. This has enabled a route to combine our advanced fundamental understanding of the underpinning theories with material specificity to allow...